Diogenes wrote:
Madison had a great deal of input to the U.S. Constitution, and he is your best argument in support of your theory, but he is not sufficient to counter the other founders (and ratifiers in the State Legislatures) who have expressed an opinion contrary to his.
Jefferson was not involved in writing the U.S. Constitution. He had no input on it's creation.
Paine was of course not a delegate either, and was despised in his later days for advocating his deist philosophy. John Adams expresses clearly the notion that the Government of the United States was by default Christian, you have just chosen to ignore such of his quotes which indicate this, and Washington has also expressed by written word and various deeds that he likewise regarded the Christian religion as the default condition of the national government.
As I pointed out, it's in the bloody document itself! I'll point out another example where evidence of Christian bias is written into the U.S. Constitution.
If any Bill shall not be returned by the President within ten Days (Sundays excepted) after it shall have been presented to him, the Same shall be a Law, in like Manner as if he had signed it, unless the Congress by their Adjournment prevent its Return, in which Case it shall not be a Law.
Now why would they do that? It is a tacit acknowledgement that the President cannot be compelled to work on the Christian day of Worship. It is just more proof that the founders legally regarded Christianity as the default culture of the United States.
You have two obvious allusions to Christianity written into the Founding document, and yet people are still trying to pretend that our founders were neutral on the subject?
There is SO MUCH evidence(besides the Constitutional references) which disputes this, that only someone who is ignorant of it's existence can credibly claim we were founded with a secular government. Once you actually look back at the historical record you discover quickly that this perspective was contrived in the last half of the 20th Century.
Not sure how you could possibly consider "allusions to Christianity" to trump
"Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof" or
"no religious test shall ever be required as a qualification to any office or public trust under the United States"
I can think of no more definitive statements.
I did find it funny that you tried to put the Constitutional delegate requirement on my quotes while you site webpages that don't follow that requirement. Sorry, can't throw out Jefferson whether he was at the convention or not. You belittle his influence. Sorry, can't throw out all four of the first Presidents of the United States. But, if you want me to add a delegate, I'll choose Hamilton.
How about the Federalist Papers?
#10 - "The latent causes of faction are thus sown in the nature of man; and we see them everywhere brought into different degrees of activity, according to the different circumstances of civil society. A zeal for different opinions concerning religion, concerning government, and many other points, as well of speculation as of practice; an attachment to different leaders ambitiously contending for pre-eminence and power; or to persons of other descriptions whose fortunes have been interesting to the human passions, have, in turn, divided mankind into parties, inflamed them with mutual animosity, and rendered them much more disposed to vex and oppress each other than to co-operate for their common good."
- Hamilton
#51 - "In a free government the security for civil rights must be the same as that for religious rights."
- Madison
#57 - "No qualification of wealth, of birth, of religious faith, or of civil profession is permitted to fetter the judgement or disappoint the inclination of the people."
- Hamilton
#69 - "The President of the United States would be an officer elected by the people for four years; the king of Great Britain is a perpetual and hereditary prince. ... The one has no particle of spiritual jurisdiction; the other is the supreme head and governor of the national church! What answer shall we give to those who would persuade us that things so unlike resemble each other? The same that ought to be given to those who tell us that a government, the whole power of which would be in the hands of the elective and periodical servants of the people, is an aristocracy, a monarchy, and a despotism."
- Hamilton
The closest the Federalist Papers get to supporting your claim is John Jay in #2 saying, "...a people descended from the same ancestors, speaking the same language, professing the same religion, attached to the same principles of government...". But, as I originally posted on this thread, that is just a statement about who they are, it is not a statement of intent for government.
Also, doing some digging, you have said the following:
If the principles of the founders were derived from any foreigners, they were men such as Locke, Vattel, Pufendorf, Grotius, Bynkershoek, Burlamaqui, Burke, et al. These men were thinkers on natural law, and they realized that certain knowable things could be derived if one postulated the assumption that individuals had rights, and that it was a good thing for society if men did have rights.
There was this thing that happened called the "enlightenment." Seeing as how it was before our time, perhaps you had forgotten about it? Locke, Rousseau, Montesquieu, Burke, Newton, etc.
The meaning of "Natural Law" is highly dependent upon which version you are talking about. If you are talking about the evolved philosophy of Locke , Rousseau, et al, the rights of man and all that stuff.
Locke is often credited with the concept of separation of church from state.
Pufendorf wrote about the limits between ecclesiastical and civil power.
Grotius wrote about binding natural law between nations divorced from religion.
Rousseau wrote of civil religion (God, afterlife, virtue, and religious tolerance). He also held that all virtuous religions are equal.
Probably the only example of someone you say influenced the founders who would provide support for your claim is Burke.
Of course, ultimately, your argument has this bit of troublesome dialog to overcome -
"Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof"